[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.alfapet.cz\/nejvetsi-vydobytky-velke-prumyslove-revoluce\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.alfapet.cz\/nejvetsi-vydobytky-velke-prumyslove-revoluce\/","headline":"Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fddobytky Velk\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 revoluce","name":"Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fddobytky Velk\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 revoluce","description":"Parn\u00ed stroj Na parn\u00edm stroji se pracovalo p\u0159es 100 let, ne\u017e si ho v\u00a0roce 1765 nechal patentovat skotsk\u00fd vyn\u00e1lezce James Watt, po n\u011bm\u017e byla mimo jin\u00e9 pojmenov\u00e1na jednotka v\u00fdkonu. Ne nadarmo se tedy 18. stolet\u00ed p\u0159ezd\u00edv\u00e1 \u201estolet\u00ed p\u00e1ry\u201c. Parn\u00ed syst\u00e9m se nejprve za\u010dal vyu\u017e\u00edvat v\u00a0nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pomocn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, \u010d\u00edm\u017e byla nahrazena pr\u00e1ce zv\u00ed\u0159at, a pozd\u011bji v\u00a0doprav\u011b....","datePublished":"2025-11-29","dateModified":"2025-11-29","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.alfapet.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.alfapet.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/01173f1da90dde8adb887d6793fa4e42c4004e53f8d645d9b1cb57c2dee8e188?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/01173f1da90dde8adb887d6793fa4e42c4004e53f8d645d9b1cb57c2dee8e188?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"alfapet.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.alfapet.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a306271_w2089_t1517399858.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.alfapet.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a306271_w2089_t1517399858.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.alfapet.cz\/nejvetsi-vydobytky-velke-prumyslove-revoluce\/","wordCount":412,"articleBody":"\tParn\u00ed stroj\tNa parn\u00edm stroji se pracovalo p\u0159es 100 let, ne\u017e si ho v\u00a0roce 1765 nechal patentovat skotsk\u00fd vyn\u00e1lezce James Watt, po n\u011bm\u017e byla mimo jin\u00e9 pojmenov\u00e1na jednotka v\u00fdkonu. Ne nadarmo se tedy 18. stolet\u00ed p\u0159ezd\u00edv\u00e1 \u201estolet\u00ed p\u00e1ry\u201c. Parn\u00ed syst\u00e9m se nejprve za\u010dal vyu\u017e\u00edvat v\u00a0nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pomocn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, \u010d\u00edm\u017e byla nahrazena pr\u00e1ce zv\u00ed\u0159at, a pozd\u011bji v\u00a0doprav\u011b.\t\tRuchadlo\tO velk\u00fd skok kup\u0159edu v\u00a0oblasti zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed se v\u00a0roce 1827 zaslou\u017eili bratranci Veverkov\u00e9 s\u00a0vyn\u00e1lezem ruchadla. Jednalo se vlastn\u011b o pluh, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148oval \u201eruchat\u201c p\u016fdu, tedy \u201eh\u00fdbat\u201c s\u00a0n\u00ed. M\u00edstn\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 ho za\u010dali ozna\u010dovat podle vyn\u00e1lezc\u016f jako \u201evever\u010de\u201c. Jeliko\u017e si Veverkov\u00e9 nikdy nenechali ruchadlo patentovat, do konce \u017eivota se ocitali v\u00a0t\u00ed\u017eiv\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed situace. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b jejich sl\u00e1va trv\u00e1 dodnes.\t\u00a0\tBalon\tDal\u0161\u00ed vyn\u00e1lezeckou dvojic\u00ed se stali francouz\u0161t\u00ed brat\u0159i Mongolfierov\u00e9. Joseph-Michel a Jacques \u00c9tienne poprv\u00e9 vyslali balon do oblak roku 1783. Tentokr\u00e1t v\u0161ak je\u0161t\u011b nelet\u011bli lid\u00e9, ale pouze zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed pos\u00e1dka skl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed se z\u00a0kohouta, kachny a ovce. Ta potvrdila, \u017ee l\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed je bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, ale z\u00a0d\u016fvodu termick\u00e9ho proud\u011bn\u00ed se mus\u00ed l\u00e9tat jen po v\u00fdchodu a p\u0159ed v\u00fdchodem slunce.\t\t\u0160ic\u00ed stroj\tKdyby b\u00fdval nebyl vynalezen \u0161ic\u00ed stroj, nejsp\u00ed\u0161 by se mohli v\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b obl\u00e9kat jen ti nejbohat\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee by \u0161vadleny pro p\u0159elidn\u011bnou planetu nesta\u010dily \u0161\u00edt. P\u0159ed strojem, kter\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me nyn\u00ed, byly patentov\u00e1ny je\u0161t\u011b dva typy. Z\u00a0d\u016fvodu jejich slo\u017eit\u00e9 realizace v\u0161ak nikdy nedo\u0161lo k\u00a0jejich sestaven\u00ed. \u00dasp\u011bch zaznamenal se sv\u00fdm strojem a\u017e v\u00a0roce 1830 Barth\u00e9l\u00e9my Thimmonier.\t\u00a0\tLodn\u00ed \u0161roub\tNejstar\u0161\u00ed lo\u010f v\u016fbec zano\u0159ila sv\u00e1 p\u00e1dla do vody p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 10\u00a0000 lety. Na lod\u011b poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 jinak ne\u017e lidskou silou si v\u0161ak lidstvo muselo po\u010dkat a\u017e do roku 1821, kdy si Josef Ressel nechal patentovat lodn\u00ed \u0161roub. Ten mu v\u0161ak byl z\u00a0d\u016fvodu nepoda\u0159en\u00fdch pokus\u016f uzn\u00e1n a\u017e po smrti. Pozd\u011bji do\u0161lo k\u00a0jeho propojen\u00ed s\u00a0ji\u017e zn\u00e1m\u00fdm parn\u00edm strojem a vznikl parn\u00edk.\t\u00a0\tMezi dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 vyn\u00e1lezy pat\u0159ili mimo jin\u00e9 telegraf, telefon, spalovac\u00ed motor, fotografie nebo v\u011btrn\u00fd ml\u00fdn.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.3\/5 - (3 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fddobytky Velk\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 revoluce","item":"https:\/\/www.alfapet.cz\/nejvetsi-vydobytky-velke-prumyslove-revoluce\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]